One of the more difficult problems with writing systems that communicate over the network is managing input and output—that is, the reading and writing of data to and from the network and hard drive. Moving data around takes time, and scheduling it cleverly can make a big difference in how quickly a system responds to the user or to network requests.

In such programs, asynchronous programming is often helpful. It allows the program to send and receive data from and to multiple devices at the same time without complicated thread management and synchronization.